![]() ![]() 4 Therefore, more specific, safe and effective treatment modalities are required. 1, 2, 3 Despite multimodal treatment, including chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, the prognosis for patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer remains poor. In all, 10–20% of all recurrences are locoregional, whereas 60–70% are distant metastases. Currently, 40% of breast cancer patients are predicted to suffer from either locoregional (isolated) recurrence or systemic metastasis. The increase in angiogenesis may be due to either viral replication or the inflammatory response.Ĭarcinoma of the breast is the most common cancer among females. HF10 seems to meet this criterion furthermore, it induces potent antitumor immunity. An effective oncolytic viral agent must replicate efficiently in tumor cells, leading to higher viral counts, in order to aid viral penetration. We were unable to determine CD4-positive lymphocyte infiltration. Count of CD8-positive lymphocytes infiltrating the tumors was higher in the treatment group ( P=0.008). Angiogenesis was significantly higher in treatment group ( P=0.032). Median apoptotic cell count was lower in the treatment group ( P=0.016). We investigated several parameters including neovascularization (CD31) and tumor lymphocyte infiltration (CD8, CD4), determined by immunohistochemistry, and apoptosis, determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Tumors were divided into two groups: saline-injected (control) and HF10-injected (treatment). Six patients with recurrent breast cancer were recruited to the study. We injected HF10 into tumors of patients with recurrent breast carcinoma, and sought to determine its effects on the tumor microenvironment. The interaction of oncolytic herpes viruses with the tumor microenvironment has not been well characterized. HF10, a spontaneously mutated herpes simplex type 1, is a potent oncolytic agent. Oncolytic viruses are a promising method of cancer therapy, even for advanced malignancies.
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